Chettinad cuisine comes from the 75-village Chettinad region in Sivaganga district. The Nattukottai Chettiars — a wealthy trading community — built fortunes through commerce in Burma, Malaya, and Ceylon during the 19th century, and brought home spices and techniques that gave their cuisine its distinctive bold, peppery character.

செட்டிநாடு உணவு — சிவகங்கை மாவட்டத்தின் 75-கிராம செட்டிநாடு பகுதியிலிருந்து வருகிறது. நாட்டுக்கோட்டை செட்டியார்கள் — பணம் படைத்த வர்த்தக சமூகம் — 19-ஆம் நூற்றாண்டில் பர்மா, மலாயா, இலங்கை வர்த்தகத்தில் செல்வம் சேர்த்தனர். அவர்கள் கொண்டுவந்த மசாலா மற்றும் முறைகள் இந்த உணவின் தனித்துவமான தைரியமான, மிளகு சார்ந்த தன்மையை அளித்தன.

Why Chettinad food is different

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தனித்துவமான பண்புகள்

  • Sun-dried spices — காய்ந்த மசாலா fresh spice-ஐ விட concentrated flavor
  • Stone grinding — இயந்திர அரைத்தலை விட texture சிறப்பு
  • Marathi mokku, Anasipoo — Chettinad-க்கு தனித்துவமான அரிய மசாலா
  • Dry-roasted then ground — coriander, fennel, peppercorn முதலில் வறுத்து பின் அரைக்கப்படும்
  • Coconut paste — gravy-ஐ velvet-போன்று smooth ஆக்கும்

The traditional Chettinad masala

SpiceTamilQuantity (per kg chicken)
Coriander seedsDhania (கொத்தமல்லி)3 tbsp
Whole black peppercornMilagu (மிளகு)2 tsp
Cumin seedsJeera (சீரகம்)2 tsp
Fennel seedsSombu (சோம்பு)2 tsp
Dried red chilliesVatha milagai (வத்த மிளகாய்)8-10
Cinnamon stickPattai (பட்டை)1 inch
CardamomElakkai (ஏலக்காய்)3 pods
ClovesKrambu (கிராம்பு)4
Star aniseAnnasipoo (அன்னாசிப்பூ)1
Stone flowerKalpasi (கல்பாசி)1 small piece

Recipe: Chettinad Chicken (serves 4)

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This is a home-cookable version. Authentic Chettinad recipes use stone-ground masala and several rounds of slow tempering — but this version captures the essential flavour with a regular blender.

Ingredients

தேவையான பொருட்கள்

  • Chicken — 1 kg (with bone preferred for flavor)
  • Onions — 3 large, finely sliced
  • Tomatoes — 2 medium, chopped
  • Ginger-garlic paste — 2 tbsp
  • Curry leaves — 2 sprigs
  • Coconut — 1/2 cup grated (for paste)
  • Sesame oil (gingelly) — 4 tbsp
  • Salt to taste; turmeric 1/2 tsp

Step-by-step

Step 1

Dry-roast the spices

5 mins on low flame, until fragrant. Cool, then grind with coconut and 1/2 cup water into a smooth paste.

Step 2

Marinate chicken

Mix chicken with turmeric, salt, 1 tbsp ground masala, lemon juice. Rest 30 mins.

Step 3

Tempering

Heat oil in a heavy kadai. Add curry leaves, fennel seeds. When they crackle, add sliced onions.

Step 4

Onions to brown

Sauté onions on medium-low heat for 10-12 mins until deep golden brown — patience here is key.

Step 5

Aromatics

Add ginger-garlic paste; sauté 2 mins. Add chopped tomatoes; cook until oil separates (~5 mins).

Step 6

Spice paste

Add the ground spice paste. Sauté for 5 mins on low flame until oil floats to top.

Step 7

Chicken

Add marinated chicken. Mix well. Cook covered for 25-30 mins on low flame, stirring occasionally.

Step 8

Finish

Add a few more curry leaves and a final splash of oil. Garnish with chopped coriander.

Serving suggestions

Traditionally served with hot steamed rice and rasam, or with appam, paratha, or idiyappam. A side of coconut chutney or a simple onion-cucumber salad balances the heat. The dish reaches peak flavour the next day, after the masala has rested overnight.

Pro tips

Sesame oil (நல்லெண்ணெய்) is non-negotiable — it gives Chettinad food its signature aroma. Browning the onions deeply (without burning) is the difference between average and outstanding. If you can find Marathi mokku and authentic kalpasi, your masala will be transformed.

What to drink with it

Traditionally: buttermilk (mor) at the end of the meal to cool the palate. Modern pairings: a chilled lager, or a slightly off-dry white wine like Riesling. Avoid heavy reds — they will fight with the spice rather than complement it.

ChettinadChickenTamil cuisineRecipe

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